A Journey Through Water: A Scientific Exploration of The Most Anomalous Liquid on Earth, is a monograph about water at molecular level. The monograph explores how its peculiar properties are related to its molecular structure. Readers are introduced to water through information about water in a wider perspective, properties of its liquid state, experimental techniques for molecular level investigations of liquid water, and computer simulation techniques. This is followed by chapters explaining the structural properties and principal applications of various phases of water (water as a normal liquid, supercooled water, ice and supercritical water). Key features of this reference include: - easy to understand, sequential and structured text making this reference ideal for readers with limited scientific knowledge of water physics - a list of institutions where water research is promoted in larger scales - 130 figures which supplement the text - an explanation of ten principal anomalies of water and associated theories The book is an excellent resource for novice researchers (physicists, chemists and chemical engineers) working on water and laymen who are interested in furthering their understanding of this precious liquid.

The chemistry of heterocomplex compounds is a fascinating field for experts in chemical synthesis and structural analysis, and for technologists specializing in leather processing. This volume describes the vast theoretical and practical possibilities of exploiting the action synergism of metals with different collagen cross-linking capacity. The possibility of reducing chromium content from leather tanning agents by replacing it with other tanning metals has significant environmental implications and minimum changes in terms of quality and production costs of natural leather, and is a viable alternative for a safe future. Applicative Chemistry of Tanning Metallic Heterocomplexes is a book dedicated to the synthesis and use of tanning metallic heterocomplexes in leather tanning as alternatives to tanning with basic chromium salts. Replacing chromium with other tanning metals is an innovative approach that exploits the possibility that a series of known disadvantages of tanning metals used individually be reduced by heterocomplexation. The synthesis mechanism of stable combinations of chromium with other tanning metals: aluminum, iron, titanium, or zirconium is based on the stoichiometry of oxidation-reduction reactions which enables a wide range of combinations, the premise for obtaining various properties by tanning and retanning natural leather. The volume is intended as a useful reference for researchers, chemical auxiliary producers, experts in natural leather processing who are looking for clean and efficient solutions for wastewater pollutants, sludge or solid wastes while striving to preserve the known characteristics of mineral tanned natural leather.

This e-book is a collection of exercises designed for students studying chemistry courses at a high school or undergraduate level. The e-book contains 24 chapters each containing various activities employing applications such as MS excel (spreadsheets) and Spartan (computational modeling). Each project is explained in a simple, easy-to-understand manner. The content within this book is suitable as a guide for both teachers and students and each chapter is supplemented with practice guidelines and exercises. Computer Based Projects for a Chemistry Curriculum therefore serves to bring computer based learning – a much needed addition in line with modern educational trends – to the chemistry classroom.

The advent of Industry 4.0 has opened a data-rich avenue of predicting and controlling premature degradation of industrial materials. For any industrial construction or manufacturing projects, performing analysis on the structural integrity of materials is crucial for their sustainability. </p> Corrosion Science: Modern Trends and Applications gives scholars a snapshot of recent contributions and development in the field of material corrosion. </p> The book presents 12 chapters that cover topics such as corrosion testing methods, anti-corrosive coating mechanisms, corrosion in different types of products (electronics, polymers), industrial systems (power plants, concrete constructions, and hydraulic systems), and corrosion as a result of environmental characteristics (such as marine surroundings). </p> The breadth of topics covered coupled with the reader-friendly presentation of the book make it highly beneficial for students, research scholars, faculty members, and R&D specialists working in the area of corrosion science, material science, solid-state science, chemical engineering, and nanotechnology. Readers will be equipped with the knowledge to understand and plan industrial processes that involve measuring the reliability and integrity of material structures which are impacted by corrosive factors.

This book provides notes for basic laboratory experiments in qualitative analysis of cations. The book introduces readers to basic methods and laboratory safety. Subsequent chapters cover six groups of cations. Each chapter explains important details that are required to understand how a particular analytical method works for detecting cations in samples, starting from sedimentation and ending with the identification. Key Features: - Simple, reader friendly format - introductory notes and summary - Covers several groups of metals - Appendix for handy reference with tables and references This is a useful textbook for early chemistry students and teachers as it equips the readers with sufficient information required to analyze chemical samples and deduce the presence of specific cations as part of laboratory coursework.

“Recent Technologies in the capture of CO2” provides a comprehensive summary on the latest technologies available to minimize the emission of CO2 from large point sources like fossil-fuel power plants or industrial facilities. This ebook also covers various techniques that could be developed to reduce the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere. The contents of this book include chapters on oxy-fuel combustion in fluidized beds, gas separation membrane used in post-combustion capture, minimizing energy consumption in CO2 capture processes through process integration, characterization and application of structured packing for CO2 capture, calcium looping technology for CO2 capture and many more. Recent Technologies in capture of CO2 is a valuable resource for graduate students, process engineers and administrative staff looking for real-case analysis of pilot plants. This eBook brings together the research results and professional experiences of the most renowned work groups in the CO2 capture field.

Students studying chemistry often struggle with the mole. Counting Moles provides an effective aid to learning by giving clear and confident presentation of the essentials of the mole concept needed by those starting chemistry courses. This user-friendly self-teach e-book is split into six chapters which sequentially introduce the ‘mole calculating frame’ to help solve problems. Over 200 fully worked examples are given along with several hundred questions. The mole concept is applied to topics such as relative atomic mass and relative formula mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formula. The book also covers concentration, its units, volumetric analysis and the relationship between volume, mass and moles of gases. Counting Moles culminates in you taking a Mole Driving Test. On passing this test, you are issued with a Counting Moles Driving License that will give you all the confidence required to correctly answer all mole calculations.

This book introduces readers to the fundamentals of oxygen atom transfer reactions. It also gives mechanistic insights into the redox processes occurring through the oxygen atom transfer reactions. It also includes information about catalytic activation of oxygen through enzymes and oxo-metallic complexes. All topics are explored in separate chapters. Key features: - reviews the basic mechanisms in redox processes involving oxo-atom transfer reactions. - presents progress in the biomimetic activation of dioxygen related to the catalytic oxidations by synthetic metal organic complexes. - covers an important class of metal-organic compounds - nickel-oxygen species - generated in catalytic oxidation processes as oxygen atom transfer agents. - explains the mechanistic aspects of the heterogeneous photochemical redox processes via oxo-atom transfer reactions - provides references for further reading It is a reference for both professional scientists in the fields of chemistry, biology and applied sciences, and for graduate and undergraduate students interested in understanding reaction mechanisms involving oxygen.

Advanced Catalysts Based on Metal-organic Frameworks is a comprehensive introduction to advanced catalysts based on MOFs. It covers basic information about MOF catalysts with industrial and environmental applications. The detailed chapters update readers on current applications and strategies to apply MOF-based catalysts in industrial processes geared for sustainability initiatives such as renewable energy, pollution control and combating carbon emissions. Key Features - 13 structured, easy to read chapters that comprehensively cover MOF catalysts - An introduction to basic information about MOF catalysts - In-depth coverage of advanced applications of MOF catalysts - Explanation of MOF modifications and applications of derivative compounds - In-depth coverage of MOF catalysts used for electrocatalysis and photocatalysis - Detailed explanation of environmental-friendly and sustainable technologies (biomass upgrading, water purification, CO2 capture) - Updated references for advanced readers The is an essential reference for chemical engineers, scientists in the manufacturing and sustainability industry and post-graduate scholars working on MOFs and chemical catalysis.

Rare-earth hexaborides are a group of materials composed of octahedral boron units. They are useful for making advanced ceramics that have a wide range of industrial applications due to their low electronic work functions, hardness, refractory properties, low electrical resistances and specific thermal expansion coefficients. Rare-Earth Metal Hexaborides: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications provides a quick reference on rare-earth metal hexaborides and their engineering applications. It provides a primer on rare earth elements followed by details of rare-earth hexaboride structures, synthetic methods, and information about their alloys and ceramic composites. References to scholarly research are also provided for assisting advanced readers. This reference is a handy source of information for chemical engineering and materials science scholars, and anyone interested in the applied chemistry of rare-earth metals and borides.